What is Communication? Explanation, Importance, Types & Skills

To have successful relationships, both personal and professional, communication is key. But what is communication? What are the different types, and how do you develop the necessary skills? This post will explore all of that and more.

In this article, we will explore:

• What is communication?
• How important it is in society
• The basic elements of the Communication Process
• 12 different types of communication
• Top 10 communication skills
• Tips to improve your communication skills

So, Let’s dive in!

What is communication?

Communication is the process of transferring information from one person to another. It can be done through spoken words, written words, body language, or signals. Communication aims to ensure that the receiver understands the sender’s message.

When we communicate, we share information. This can be done in several ways, including verbally, nonverbally, electronically, or in writing. Communication is essential because it allows us to share our thoughts and feelings. It helps us build relationships and understand each other better.

There are different types of communication, such as verbal and nonverbal. Verbal communication happens through spoken words, while nonverbal takes place through body language and gestures. You can also communicate by writing or electronically, which is done through sending text messages, emails, and social media posts.

Why is communication important?

Communication is essential because we share our thoughts and feelings with other people. In addition, we use communication to build relationships, solve problems, and make decisions.

Human communication is essential in all aspects of life. It helps us build relationships, express our feelings, and share ideas. Without communication, it would be difficult for humans to interact with one another, and society would be less functional.

Communication is a two-way street. It’s not just about sending messages from one person to another. It’s also about listening and understanding what the other person is saying. When both people are engaged in the conversation, it leads to a better understanding and resolution of issues.

No matter what type of communication we are using, it is essential to ensure that the message is clear so that there are no misunderstandings. In addition, when communicating with each other, it is important to have good eye contact and body language so that the person on the receiving end understands what you are trying to say. The better we are at communicating, the better our relationships will be.

What is interpersonal communication?

Interpersonal communication is a process by which people exchange verbal and nonverbal messages to create and share meanings. It is how we build relationships, express our feelings, and exchange information.

Many factors affect interpersonal communication, including the context in which it takes place, the parties involved, their relationship to one another, their culture, and personalities. Verbal messages can be spoken or written, while nonverbal messages include gestures, facial expressions, posture, tone of voice, and touch.

Interpersonal communication is a complex process that various barriers can hinder. It’s essential to be aware of these barriers to work to overcome them and increase the effectiveness of your communication.

The basic elements of the Communication Process

When two or more people want to communicate, they go through a process that involves sending and receiving messages. The basic elements of this communication process are:

• Sender
• Receiver
• Message
• Medium
• Feedback

1. Sender

The sender is the person who initiates the communication. They send a message to another person or group of people using a medium such as speech, writing, or email. Senders can be individuals or groups, and they can communicate with people inside or outside their organization.

4. Receiver

The receiver is the person or group of people who receives the message and respond to it. Receivers can be individuals or groups inside or outside an organization. They may respond immediately or take some time to do so.

2. Message

The message is the actual content of the communication. It can be a request, a question, an order, or any other type of information. Messages can be written or spoken, and they can be short or long.

3. Medium

The medium is how the message is transmitted from the sender to the receiver. It can be a telephone call, a letter, an email, or any other form of communication.

5. Feedback

Feedback is a signal that tells the sender whether or not the message has been understood. It can be verbal or nonverbal and spoken or written in conversation. It may be given immediately or after some time has passed.

12 different types of Communication

There are 12 main types of communication:

1. Verbal Communication.
2. Nonverbal Communication.
3. Written Communication.
4. Listening.
5. Visual Communication.
6. Face-to-face Communication
7. Formal Communication.
8. Informal Communication.
9. Downward Communication.
10. Upward Communication.
11. Horizontal Communication.
12. Diagonal Communication.

1) Verbal Communication.

Verbal communication is the most common type of communication. It involves speaking words to exchange information. A verbal message is effective because it allows people to share their thoughts and feelings directly. This can help build stronger relationships and better understand each other.

There are a few key things to remember when using verbal communication:

• First, make sure you are clear and concise in your words.
• Avoid using jargon or technical terms that the other person may not understand.
• Finally, be aware of your tone of voice and make sure it is respectful.

2) NonVerbal Communication.

Nonverbal communication is the process of communicating through means other than words. This can include facial expressions, gestures, posture, and tone of voice. Nonverbal communication plays a massive role in our everyday interactions and can communicate a wide range of emotions and messages.

For example, if you see someone cross their arms defensively while they’re talking to you, that might be a sign that they’re feeling defensive or uncomfortable. Or if someone is looking down and away while they’re talking to you, that might be a sign of shyness or insecurity.

Nonverbal communication is extremely important in relationships, both personal and professional. It’s often said that about 70% of our communication is nonverbal.

3) Written Communication

Written communication is transferring information from one person to another through written words. This can be done through letters, emails, text messages, or any other form of written communication.

This type of communication can be very effective because it allows people to take their time composing a message and allows for a more clear and concise exchange of information. It can also be used to create records or documents referenced later. Examples of written communication are e-mails, letters, books, notes, or blog posts.

4) Listening Communication

Listening communication is the process of receiving and interpreting messages through hearing. It is a basic form of communication that allows people to exchange information and ideas.

To effectively listen, you must pay attention to the other person, understand what they are saying and respond in a way that shows you are listening. When people can listen to each other, it can help improve relationships, solve problems and resolve conflicts.

5) Visual Communication

Visual communication is a type of communication that uses images to convey a message. It can include graphs, charts, drawings, sketches, and photos. Visual communication is often used in business and marketing to share information quickly and succinctly. It can be very effective in getting across complex ideas or data. However, it is essential to make sure that the visuals are clear and easy to understand. Otherwise, they may be confusing or misleading.

Visual communication is a powerful tool that can be used in many different ways. It can offer a quick way to convey simple information, but it is also useful when you have complex ideas or concepts that need to be understood quickly.

6) Face-to-Face Communication

Face-to-face communication is when two or more people communicate in a physical space. It’s considered the most effective way to communicate because it allows for nonverbal communication, often more influential than verbal communication.

Nonverbal communication includes facial expressions, body language, and tone of voice, providing deeper insights into what someone is trying to say. When combined with verbal communication, face-to-face communication allows for a complete understanding of a message. This type of communication is often used for negotiations, arguments, or building a solid relationship. 

7) Formal Communication

Formal communication is a type of communication that uses specific, prescribed formats and channels. It typically includes an element of formality in terms of language use, tone, and structure.

Formal communication is often used in business settings or professional contexts. It serves to convey a clear, concise way appropriate for the situation. Formal communication can take many forms, such as letters, reports, emails, or oral presentations.

To be effective, formal communication must conform to the standards that are established for it. This means using the correct terminology and following any specific formatting guidelines.

8) Informal Communication

Informal communication is exchanging information, ideas, or feelings that do not follow a pre-determined agenda or structure. It can be characterized as spontaneous and often involves an emotional component. Informal communication can take many forms, such as face-to-face conversations, telephone calls, emails, text messages, and social media posts.

One of the benefits of informal communication is that it allows people to connect more personally. This can help build trust and strengthen relationships. In addition, informal communication can help speed up the decision-making process by enabling people to share their thoughts and ideas quickly and easily.

9) Downward Communication

Downward communication is a type of communication that flows from the top of an organization to the bottom. It is a way for managers to give directives and instructions to their subordinates.

Downward communication can help ensure that tasks are carried out efficiently and as directed, but it can also lead to problems if misused or without proper consultation. For example, subordinates may feel confused and demoralized if a manager issues orders without explaining their rationale. Or, if a manager fails to listen to feedback from subordinates, they may start to feel neglected and unimportant.

To ensure that downward communication is effective, managers need to be clear about their expectations, listen carefully to feedback from subordinates, and establish clear lines of communication.

10) Upward Communication

Upward communication is a type of communication in which the subordinate communicates problems, suggestions, or concerns to the supervisor. Upward communication aims to provide accurate and timely information to the supervisor to make informed decisions. Upward communication also allows the supervisor to build better relationships with subordinates, which can lead to better performance on the part of the subordinates.

Some benefits of effective upward communication include:

• improved decision making by supervisors
• greater clarity about job expectations for subordinates
• increased trust and cooperation between supervisors and subordinates
• identification and resolution of problems before they become serious

11) Horizontal Communication

Horizontal communication is a term used in organizational studies to refer to the transfer of information and ideas between employees at the same hierarchical level.

It contrasts with vertical communication, which transfers information and ideas between employees at different hierarchical levels within an organization. Vertical communication typically flows from top management to subordinates, while horizontal communication flows laterally among peers’ employees.

Horizontal communication can take many forms, including face-to-face conversations, memos, emails, chat rooms, and social media platforms. However, it is often more effective than vertical communication because it allows for more input from a broader range of employees and results in a better understanding of the overall goals and objectives of the organization.

12) Diagonal Communication

Diagonal communication is a term used in organizations to describe the exchange of information between two individuals who are not working together directly on a project or task.

Usually, diagonal communication occurs between someone higher up in the organization (a manager, for example) and someone lowers down (an employee). However, it can also happen between people at the same level of the organization if they are working on different projects.

Diagonal communication aims to ensure that everyone in an organization has all the necessary information to do their jobs effectively. It also helps build good relationships between managers and employees and encourages open communication.

Top 10 Communication Skills

Communication is an essential life skill that we use every day to interact with others. Good communication skills can make a huge difference in your personal and professional life. Here are the top 10 communication skills that will help you connect with others and achieve your goals:

1) Active Listening

Countless articles and books list listening as one of the top communication skills. But why is listening so essential?

Quite simply, it’s the key to understanding. When we listen attentively, and without interruption, we understand the other person’s point of view. And when we know where the other person is coming from, we’re better able to respond effectively and build strong relationships.

In addition to understanding others, effective listening allows us to be more introspective. We can better understand our thoughts and feelings by paying close attention to how others respond to us. This introspection can help us become more self-aware and improve our communication skills.

2) Assertiveness

Being assertive is a top communication skill because it allows you to clearly and effectively communicate your wants, needs, and opinions. This is important because it enables you to maintain better relationships, get what you want out of life, and stand up for your beliefs. Additionally, assertiveness helps to ensure that all voices are heard in any given situation, leading to more productive and respectful outcomes.

Assertiveness can be especially useful in difficult conversations because it allows you to maintain control of the situation while still working towards a resolution.

3) Empathy

Empathy is the ability to understand how another feels and put yourself in their shoes. When you empathize with someone, you can connect and relate to them by sharing or even understanding their feelings.

There are many reasons why empathy is a communication skill, but here are just a few:

1. Empathy helps you to understand the other person’s perspective. When you can see things from the other person’s perspective, it is easier to find common ground and resolve conflicts.
2. Empathy helps you connect with the other person on a deeper level. When you feel empathy for someone, it creates an emotional connection to strengthen relationships.
3. Empathy makes you more effective as a communicator. When you can put yourself in the other person’s shoes, it allows you to communicate more effectively and persuasively.

4) Diplomacy

Many people think of diplomacy as being all about negotiations and treaties, but it’s much broader than reality. For example, it encompasses communication within families, workplaces, and other groups and communication between different countries.

The goal of diplomacy is always to resolve conflicts peacefully by finding common ground and understanding each other’s positions. It takes patience, listening skills, and empathy to succeed at diplomacy.

Diplomacy is the ability to communicate tactfully and not offend or upset others while still getting your point across clearly. If you want to avoid conflict and build solid relationships, diplomacy is the key.

5) Body language

Body language communication skill is extremely important in all aspects of life. It can help you in your personal relationships, with your co-workers, and even when you’re trying to close a business deal.

There are a few key things to keep in mind when it comes to body language communication:

1. Be aware of your body language and make sure that you’re sending the right signals to the people around you.
2. Pay attention to the other person’s body language and decipher what they’re trying to say.
3. Be sensitive to the situation and adjust your body language accordingly. 

Body language is a powerful form of communication that can build trust, increase intimacy, and convey messages without saying a word.

6) Emotional intelligence

Emotional intelligence is the ability to be aware of and understand your own emotions and the emotions of others. It’s also about managing your emotions effectively and responding appropriately in various situations.

One of the critical aspects of emotional intelligence is communication. Good communication requires taking into account how you’re feeling and understanding how the other person is feeling. It also involves communicating in a way that considers the other person’s feelings and preferences.

So if you want to be a good communicator, it’s crucial to develop your emotional intelligence skills.

7) Tone of your voice and articulation

It’s essential to be aware of the tone of your voice when you’re communicating with others. Your tone affects the way the other person perceives what you’re saying, but it can also influence their emotional state.

For example, if you’re speaking to someone condescending or impatient, they’re likely to feel angry or frustrated. On the other hand, if you talk to someone in a warm, caring manner, they’ll usually respond more positively.

Being aware of your tone and using it to your advantage can help you get along better with others and build stronger relationships.

Articulation is the clarity with which you speak. If your words are slurred or mumbled, people will have difficulty understanding what you’re saying. So good articulation is key for clear communication.

8) Clarity

Clarity communication skill is extremely important in business and life. When you can communicate clearly, you eliminate any potential misunderstandings and ensure that the message you are trying to send is received the way you intend. Clarity eliminates confusion, which in turn eliminates conflict.

There are a few things you can do to improve your communication skills:

1. Be clear about what you want to say before you start speaking. Make sure your points are easy to follow, and avoid using jargon or technical language that might be unfamiliar to your listener.
2. Pay attention to how you are phrasing your words. Avoid metaphors and ambiguity, and make sure your statements are unambiguous.
3. Be patient and take the time to clarify any questions.

Clarity communication skill entails being clear, concise, and direct when speaking or writing. It’s important to use common language that everyone can understand without using jargon or acronyms unfamiliar to some people. You should also avoid filler words such as “um,” “like,” and “you know.” Be clear about your intentions, and make sure your message is easy for the other person to follow. 

9) Feedback

Feedback is the ability to give and receive feedback effectively. It’s one of the most important skills you can have in your personal and professional life. It allows you to identify and address problems early on before they become more significant.

Giving effective feedback requires empathy, understanding, and tact. You need to put yourself in the other person’s shoes, see things from their perspective, and understand their feelings and needs. You also need to phrase your feedback respectfully and constructively.

Receiving effective feedback also takes practice. You need to listen carefully, ask clarifying questions if needed, and not react defensively.

Giving and receiving feedback effectively can help resolve conflicts, improve productivity, and create a more positive work environment.

There are a few key things to keep in mind when giving or receiving feedback:

1. Stay focused on the issue at hand, not the person.
2. Be clear, concise, and specific.
3. Avoid using judgmental language or making accusations.
4. Make sure you listen carefully to what the other person says before responding.
5. Take time to think about what you want to say before giving feedback.
6. Finally, be respectful of the other person’s feelings and views.

10) Asking questions

Asking questions is a communication skill that is often overlooked. When you ask a question, you are allowed to understand the other person’s point of view. You can also clarify information and show that you are interested in what the other person has to say.

Questions can be used to build rapport, defuse tension, and show respect. They can also help you get more information and develop better relationships with others. However, it’s important to ask thoughtfully constructed questions to contribute to the conversation instead of just taking up space.

How to Improve Your Communication Skills?

Communication is essential in all aspects of life, yet it can be challenging to master. The good news is that communication skills can be improved with practice. Here are a few tips to help you become a better communicator:

1. Listen actively. When someone is speaking to you, make an effort to pay attention and understand what they are saying. Do not interrupt them or provide commentary. Just listen.

2. Mirror the other person’s body language. When you mirror the other person’s body language, it conveys that you are engaged and interested in what they have to say.

3. Be aware of your tone of voice. Your tone of voice can convey just as much information as your words, so be conscious of how you sound when communicating with others.

4. Stay calm. It can be challenging to maintain a calm demeanor when things get heated. However, staying calm is essential for effective communication.

5. Pay attention to your body language. Suppose you want to send a message that you’re interested in what the other person is saying, lean forward, and make eye contact. If you’re going to show that you’re bored or uninterested, slump back in your chair and avoid eye contact.

6. Use positive words. When communicating with others, use positive words that will help build rapport. For example, rather than saying “I don’t know,” try saying, “I haven’t had a chance to look into that yet.” Positive words can also help defuse a tense situation.

7. Avoid using jargon. Jargon can be confusing and make it difficult for others to understand what you’re saying. Instead, try to use clear and concise language when communicating with others, especially those unfamiliar with your industry or field.

8. Be patient. When communicating with someone, give them time to process what you’ve said and respond. Don’t rush them or try to interrupt them – let them speak freely. This also goes for emails – take the time to craft a well-written email rather than sending a quick response that may not be clear.

9. Use constructive feedback. When you receive positive or negative feedback, always try to use it constructively. Don’t get defensive, and don’t take things personally. Instead, use the feedback to improve your communication skills.

10. Practice! The best way to improve your communication skills is to practice! Talk to friends and family members, attend networking events, and join online forums related to your field. The more you communicate with others, the better you will become.

These are just a few tips to help you improve your communication skills. By following these guidelines, you can start having more successful conversations with the people around you!

What is a Mass Communication?

Mass communication is communicating with a large audience through various mediums. This can include television, radio, the Internet, and print media. It allows for information and messages to be shared with many people at one time. In addition, it is often used to spread news and announcements to the public.

Effects of Mass Communication

Mass communication has various effects on individuals and society as a whole. Some of these effects include:

1) Increased access to information

One of the most notable effects of mass communication is that it provides individuals access to information. This includes news, entertainment, and other types of information.

2) Increased awareness of events and issues

It also helps to increase awareness of events and issues around the world. It allows people to learn about things they might not have otherwise known about.

3) Shaping public opinion

It can also shape public opinion on various topics and issues. This is often done through propaganda or by influencing the way people think. Famous Example: “There’s no such thing as bad publicity.”

Publicity is the process of trying to get people interested in or excited about something through various mediums. This might include television shows, movies, news stories, social media posts, and other types of coverage.

Final Thoughts

Communication is the lifeblood of any relationship. It is the bridge that links two people and allows them to share their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Without communication, we would be isolated individuals unable to form relationships or connect with others.

The importance of communication cannot be overstated, so it’s so important to learn all you can about it. By understanding the different types of communication and how they work, you can improve your communication skills and build stronger relationships within your life. We hope this article has helped you understand how you can improve your communication skills. Thanks for reading!